County-level Census Bureau data covering income, housing, demographics, education, employment, and more. Counties are the primary administrative division in the U.S. and the most common unit for comparing local conditions across a state.
Data: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023 (released December 2024).
Quick Facts — Nelson County
- What is the median household income in Nelson County?
- The median household income in Nelson County is $68,525 (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023).
- What is the poverty rate in Nelson County?
- The poverty rate in Nelson County is 9.6% (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What is the median home value in Nelson County?
- $283,000 (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What is the average rent in Nelson County?
- The median gross rent in Nelson County is $950 per month (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What percentage of Nelson County residents have a college degree?
- 33.7% of adults in Nelson County hold a bachelor's degree or higher (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
Population
14,777
Median Income
$68,525
Median Home Value
$283,000
Poverty Rate
9.6%
Unemployment (ACS 2023)
3.3%
Median Age
51.0 yrs
Since 2019
Median Income:
+$4,212 (+6.5%)
Home Value:
+$48,000 (+20.4%)
Poverty Rate:
-0.5 pp (-5%)
Bachelor's+:
+3.3 pp (+10.9%)
Unemployment:
-0.2 pp (-5.7%)
Demographics
Total Population
14,777
Median Age
51.0
Female
49.1%
Race & Ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino 4.7%
White (non-Hisp.) 79.9%
Black 10.3%
Asian 1.7%
Two or More 4.2%
Other 2.2%
Asian Subgroups (% of total pop.)
Chinese
1.6%
Filipino
0.1%
Hispanic Subgroups (% of total pop.)
Mexican
2.6%
Cuban
1.3%
Puerto Rican
0.2%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Income & Poverty
Median Household Income
$68,525
±$9,514
-$22,449 vs. state
Per Capita Income
$100,763
Median Family Income
$87,393
Poverty Rate
9.6%
+2.8 pp vs. state
Child Poverty Rate
9.5%
Working-Age Poverty Rate
—
SNAP Recipients
11.7%
Social Security Income
—
Retirement Income
32.9%
Household Income Distribution
< $10k
8.8%
$10–15k
5.7%
$15–25k
4.9%
$25–35k
4.9%
$35–50k
11.3%
$50–75k
16.2%
$75–100k
12.4%
$100–150k
14.3%
$150–200k
10.0%
$200k+
11.6%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Housing
Total Housing Units
9,947
Owner-Occupied
79.2%
Renter-Occupied
20.8%
Vacancy Rate
35.0%
Median Home Value
$283,000
-$77,700 vs. state
Median Gross Rent
$950
Owner Cost Burden (30%+)
24.0%
Renter Cost Burden (30%+)
25.8%
Home Value Distribution
< $50k
6.6%
$50–100k
7.0%
$100–200k
9.5%
$200–300k
20.3%
$300–500k
24.5%
$500k–$1M
16.4%
$1M+
5.8%
Gross Rent Distribution
< $500
11.2%
$500–1k
52.7%
$1–1.5k
18.7%
$1.5–2k
12.8%
$2–2.5k
4.7%
Vehicle Availability
No vehicle
6.2%
1 vehicle
25.3%
2 vehicles
33.4%
3+
35.1%
Housing Type
Single-fam. det.
77.8%
Single-fam. att.
0.8%
2–4 units
0.8%
5–19 units
6.7%
20+ units
0.3%
Mobile home
9.5%
Housing Age
Pre-1940
10.4%
1940–1969
2.5%
1970–1999
11.5%
2000–2009
19.7%
2010+
4.1%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Education
High School or Higher
88.7%
Bachelor's or Higher
33.7%
-7.8 pp vs. state
Graduate Degree
11.6%
Some College / Associate
18.6%
Less Than High School
3.9%
Enrolled in School
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Employment
Labor Force Participation
54.7%
Unemployment Rate
3.3%
-1.0 pp vs. state
Work from Home
22.7%
Self-Employed
10.0%
Government Workers
16.2%
Private For-Profit
73.3%
Industry
Edu/Health
23.1%
Prof. Services
12.3%
Construction
11.4%
Retail
10.2%
Arts/Entmt.
10.2%
Manufacturing
6.4%
Finance
6.0%
Public Admin
4.7%
Agriculture
4.7%
Transportation
3.0%
Wholesale
1.9%
Information
1.0%
Occupation
Management
41.1%
Sales
17.9%
Food Prep
16.9%
Construction
13.0%
Production
11.1%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Commute
Median Travel Time
30.3 min
Drove Alone
63.6%
Carpool
9.6%
Public Transit
0.2%
Work from Home
22.7%
Walked
2.6%
Bicycle
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Households & Families
Total Households
6,470
Avg. Household Size
2.00
Avg. Family Size
—
Married-Couple Households
52.2%
Single-Mother Households
—
Single-Father Households
—
Living Alone
—
Households with Children
12.8%
Multigenerational
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Age Distribution
Under 5
5.5%
5–9
4.6%
10–14
4.8%
15–19
4.0%
20–24
5.7%
25–34
9.4%
35–44
9.5%
45–54
10.8%
55–64
8.4%
65–74
8.0%
75–84
18.4%
85+
9.0%
Under 18: 17.7%
Working age (18–64): 82.3%
65 and over: 29.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Social Characteristics
Immigration
Foreign Born
5.1%
Naturalized Citizen
55.6%
Speaks English Less Than Very Well
2.0%
Foreign-Born Origin
Asia
42.7%
Latin America
28.4%
Africa
18.0%
Europe
7.5%
Veterans & Disability
Veteran
9.4%
With a Disability
13.6%
Cognitive Difficulty
—
Ambulatory Difficulty
—
Health Insurance
Insured
92.3%
Uninsured
7.7%
Employer Insurance
—
Medicaid
—
Medicare
—
Technology & Mobility
Broadband Internet
80.6%
Has a Computer
90.9%
Same House 1 Year Ago
89.3%
Moved from Abroad
0.2%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Compare Nelson County
Compare to another county →Where People Move From (IRS Migration Data)
Top origins of people who moved to Nelson County in 2023, by number of tax returns filed (IRS SOI Migration Data).
| Origin | Tax Returns | People (est.) |
|---|---|---|
| Other flows - South | 68 | 98 |
| Albemarle County | 60 | 108 |
| Charlottesville city | 30 | 49 |
| Amherst County | 29 | 67 |
| Other flows - Northeast | 25 | 41 |
| Other flows - West | 24 | 41 |