County-level Census Bureau data covering income, housing, demographics, education, employment, and more. Counties are the primary administrative division in the U.S. and the most common unit for comparing local conditions across a state.
Data: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023 (released December 2024).
Quick Facts — Union County
- What is the median household income in Union County?
- The median household income in Union County is $100,117 (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023).
- What is the poverty rate in Union County?
- The poverty rate in Union County is 6.2% (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What is the median home value in Union County?
- $488,800 (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What is the average rent in Union County?
- The median gross rent in Union County is $1,664 per month (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What percentage of Union County residents have a college degree?
- 38.6% of adults in Union County hold a bachelor's degree or higher (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
Population
572,549
Median Income
$100,117
Median Home Value
$488,800
Poverty Rate
6.2%
Unemployment (ACS 2023)
6.3%
Median Age
39.0 yrs
Since 2019
Median Income:
+$19,919 (+24.8%)
Home Value:
+$121,600 (+33.1%)
Poverty Rate:
-0.7 pp (-10.1%)
Bachelor's+:
+2.6 pp (+7.2%)
Unemployment:
+0.6 pp (+10.5%)
Demographics
Total Population
572,549
Median Age
39.0
Female
50.7%
Race & Ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino 34.4%
White (non-Hisp.) 36.3%
Black 20.5%
Asian 5.6%
Two or More 12.1%
Other 19.7%
Asian Subgroups (% of total pop.)
Indian
1.9%
Chinese
1.3%
Filipino
1.3%
Korean
0.3%
Vietnamese
0.1%
Japanese
0.1%
Hispanic Subgroups (% of total pop.)
Puerto Rican
5.0%
Cuban
2.1%
Mexican
1.8%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Income & Poverty
Median Household Income
$100,117
±$2,051
-$933 vs. state
Per Capita Income
$147,359
Median Family Income
$120,310
Poverty Rate
6.2%
-0.8 pp vs. state
Child Poverty Rate
9.1%
Working-Age Poverty Rate
—
SNAP Recipients
8.1%
Social Security Income
—
Retirement Income
21.7%
Household Income Distribution
< $10k
2.9%
$10–15k
2.4%
$15–25k
4.9%
$25–35k
5.3%
$35–50k
8.4%
$50–75k
13.6%
$75–100k
12.4%
$100–150k
17.2%
$150–200k
11.5%
$200k+
21.4%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Housing
Total Housing Units
211,269
Owner-Occupied
57.6%
Renter-Occupied
42.4%
Vacancy Rate
4.5%
Median Home Value
$488,800
+$61,200 vs. state
Median Gross Rent
$1,664
Owner Cost Burden (30%+)
26.5%
Renter Cost Burden (30%+)
41.8%
Home Value Distribution
< $50k
1.8%
$50–100k
0.5%
$100–200k
0.8%
$200–300k
10.7%
$300–500k
36.7%
$500k–$1M
39.1%
$1M+
8.7%
Gross Rent Distribution
< $500
4.4%
$500–1k
7.2%
$1–1.5k
28.4%
$1.5–2k
30.3%
$2–2.5k
18.4%
$2.5–3.5k
6.5%
$3.5k+
4.7%
Vehicle Availability
No vehicle
10.6%
1 vehicle
34.8%
2 vehicles
36.6%
3+
18.0%
Housing Type
Single-fam. det.
49.7%
Single-fam. att.
5.0%
2–4 units
17.0%
5–19 units
3.9%
20+ units
12.7%
Mobile home
0.1%
Housing Age
Pre-1940
24.1%
1940–1969
12.4%
1970–1999
7.8%
2000–2009
5.5%
2010+
5.0%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Education
High School or Higher
86.3%
Bachelor's or Higher
38.6%
-4.3 pp vs. state
Graduate Degree
15.6%
Some College / Associate
15.3%
Less Than High School
8.0%
Enrolled in School
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Employment
Labor Force Participation
69.1%
Unemployment Rate
6.3%
+0.1 pp vs. state
Work from Home
12.9%
Self-Employed
4.6%
Government Workers
14.1%
Private For-Profit
81.2%
Industry
Edu/Health
22.0%
Prof. Services
12.9%
Transportation
10.4%
Retail
9.5%
Manufacturing
8.6%
Finance
8.6%
Construction
6.9%
Arts/Entmt.
6.5%
Public Admin
4.2%
Wholesale
3.2%
Information
2.2%
Agriculture
0.2%
Occupation
Management
40.8%
Sales
19.8%
Production
15.6%
Food Prep
15.6%
Construction
8.2%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Commute
Median Travel Time
30.7 min
Drove Alone
62.4%
Carpool
8.3%
Public Transit
9.6%
Work from Home
12.9%
Walked
2.4%
Bicycle
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Households & Families
Total Households
201,663
Avg. Household Size
2.00
Avg. Family Size
—
Married-Couple Households
49.9%
Single-Mother Households
—
Single-Father Households
—
Living Alone
—
Households with Children
22.9%
Multigenerational
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Age Distribution
Under 5
6.2%
5–9
6.4%
10–14
6.9%
15–19
6.4%
20–24
5.9%
25–34
12.4%
35–44
14.0%
45–54
13.8%
55–64
7.2%
65–74
6.0%
75–84
8.7%
85+
4.2%
Under 18: 23.5%
Working age (18–64): 76.5%
65 and over: 14.8%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Social Characteristics
Immigration
Foreign Born
32.8%
Naturalized Citizen
51.3%
Speaks English Less Than Very Well
21.7%
Foreign-Born Origin
Latin America
68.8%
Europe
13.4%
Asia
12.1%
Africa
5.1%
Veterans & Disability
Veteran
2.8%
With a Disability
9.0%
Cognitive Difficulty
—
Ambulatory Difficulty
—
Health Insurance
Insured
87.6%
Uninsured
12.4%
Employer Insurance
—
Medicaid
—
Medicare
—
Technology & Mobility
Broadband Internet
92.2%
Has a Computer
94.9%
Same House 1 Year Ago
90.0%
Moved from Abroad
1.1%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Compare Union County
Compare to another county →Where People Move From (IRS Migration Data)
Top origins of people who moved to Union County in 2023, by number of tax returns filed (IRS SOI Migration Data).
| Origin | Tax Returns | People (est.) |
|---|---|---|
| Essex County | 2,803 | 5,043 |
| Hudson County | 1,714 | 3,078 |
| Middlesex County | 1,682 | 2,764 |
| Kings County | 942 | 2,061 |
| Other flows - South | 830 | 1,338 |
| Somerset County | 713 | 1,223 |
| Queens County | 575 | 1,040 |
| New York County | 482 | 818 |
| Morris County | 467 | 760 |
| Bergen County | 424 | 671 |