District of Columbia
StatePopulation: 678,972 (2023 estimate)
Demographic, economic, and housing data for District of Columbia from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey. Figures cover the full state — drill into any county or city below for local breakdowns.
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District of Columbia Rankings
Data: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023 (released December 2024). Unemployment rate from BLS LAUS (more current).
Quick Facts — District of Columbia
- What is the median household income in District of Columbia?
- The median household income in District of Columbia is $106,287 (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023).
- What is the poverty rate in District of Columbia?
- The poverty rate in District of Columbia is 10.7% (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What is the median home value in District of Columbia?
- $724,600 (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What is the average rent in District of Columbia?
- The median gross rent in District of Columbia is $1,900 per month (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What percentage of District of Columbia residents have a college degree?
- 63.6% of adults in District of Columbia hold a bachelor's degree or higher (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
Population
672,079
Median Income
$106,287
Median Home Value
$724,600
Poverty Rate
10.7%
Unemployment (Dec 2025)
6.7%
Median Age
34.0 yrs
Since 2019
Median Income:
+$19,867 (+23%)
Home Value:
+$123,100 (+20.5%)
Poverty Rate:
-1.5 pp (-12.3%)
Bachelor's+:
+5.1 pp (+8.7%)
Unemployment:
-0.4 pp (-5.8%)
Demographics
Total Population
672,079
Median Age
34.0
Female
52.4%
Race & Ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino 11.6%
White (non-Hisp.) 36.6%
Black 43.3%
Asian 4.1%
Two or More 8.4%
Other 4.8%
Asian Subgroups (% of total pop.)
Indian
1.1%
Chinese
1.0%
Korean
0.5%
Filipino
0.4%
Vietnamese
0.3%
Japanese
0.1%
Hispanic Subgroups (% of total pop.)
Mexican
2.1%
Puerto Rican
0.8%
Cuban
0.4%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Income & Poverty
Median Household Income
$106,287
±$1,803
Per Capita Income
$165,103
Median Family Income
$150,381
Poverty Rate
10.7%
Child Poverty Rate
16.6%
Working-Age Poverty Rate
—
SNAP Recipients
13.2%
Social Security Income
—
Retirement Income
16.3%
Household Income Distribution
< $10k
7.1%
$10–15k
3.4%
$15–25k
4.6%
$25–35k
3.8%
$35–50k
6.8%
$50–75k
11.4%
$75–100k
10.4%
$100–150k
15.7%
$150–200k
11.3%
$200k+
25.6%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Housing
Total Housing Units
356,101
Owner-Occupied
41.1%
Renter-Occupied
58.9%
Vacancy Rate
9.7%
Median Home Value
$724,600
Median Gross Rent
$1,900
Owner Cost Burden (30%+)
19.1%
Renter Cost Burden (30%+)
35.9%
Home Price Appreciation (FHFA HPI)
1-Year
+3.1%
5-Year
+13.5%
HPI (2025 Q4)
1,074.0
Source: FHFA House Price Index, base 1991 Q1 = 100.
Home Value Distribution
< $50k
1.0%
$50–100k
0.4%
$100–200k
0.9%
$200–300k
4.6%
$300–500k
20.3%
$500k–$1M
41.8%
$1M+
30.1%
Gross Rent Distribution
< $500
7.4%
$500–1k
7.8%
$1–1.5k
17.8%
$1.5–2k
21.2%
$2–2.5k
16.8%
$2.5–3.5k
11.4%
$3.5k+
17.6%
Vehicle Availability
No vehicle
35.9%
1 vehicle
46.3%
2 vehicles
14.3%
3+
3.5%
Housing Type
Single-fam. det.
11.1%
Single-fam. att.
22.1%
2–4 units
3.3%
5–19 units
7.0%
20+ units
40.7%
Mobile home
0.1%
Housing Age
Pre-1940
31.7%
1940–1969
10.3%
1970–1999
6.7%
2000–2009
7.7%
2010+
12.5%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Education
High School or Higher
92.8%
Bachelor's or Higher
63.6%
Graduate Degree
37.5%
Some College / Associate
11.8%
Less Than High School
2.9%
Enrolled in School
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Employment
Labor Force Participation
72.0%
Unemployment Rate
6.5%
Work from Home
29.4%
Self-Employed
4.3%
Government Workers
26.3%
Private For-Profit
69.2%
Industry
Prof. Services
25.8%
Public Admin
17.8%
Edu/Health
17.5%
Arts/Entmt.
7.4%
Finance
6.1%
Retail
4.5%
Information
3.7%
Transportation
2.9%
Construction
2.6%
Manufacturing
1.4%
Wholesale
0.6%
Agriculture
0.1%
Occupation
Management
71.1%
Sales
12.2%
Food Prep
11.4%
Production
3.2%
Construction
2.0%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Commute
Median Travel Time
30.3 min
Drove Alone
28.2%
Carpool
4.3%
Public Transit
22.3%
Work from Home
29.4%
Walked
10.0%
Bicycle
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Households & Families
Total Households
321,556
Avg. Household Size
1.00
Avg. Family Size
—
Married-Couple Households
25.1%
Single-Mother Households
—
Single-Father Households
—
Living Alone
—
Households with Children
9.8%
Multigenerational
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Age Distribution
Under 5
6.1%
5–9
5.3%
10–14
4.9%
15–19
5.0%
20–24
6.6%
25–34
22.4%
35–44
16.4%
45–54
10.7%
55–64
4.9%
65–74
4.9%
75–84
7.4%
85+
3.8%
Under 18: 18.7%
Working age (18–64): 81.3%
65 and over: 12.7%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Social Characteristics
Immigration
Foreign Born
13.3%
Naturalized Citizen
49.7%
Speaks English Less Than Very Well
5.1%
Foreign-Born Origin
Latin America
42.2%
Asia
21.3%
Europe
16.9%
Africa
16.5%
Veterans & Disability
Veteran
3.8%
With a Disability
11.0%
Cognitive Difficulty
—
Ambulatory Difficulty
—
Health Insurance
Insured
96.6%
Uninsured
3.4%
Employer Insurance
—
Medicaid
—
Medicare
—
Technology & Mobility
Broadband Internet
90.2%
Has a Computer
96.0%
Same House 1 Year Ago
80.6%
Moved from Abroad
1.5%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Largest Counties in District of Columbia
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