Census Bureau data for Birmingham city from the American Community Survey. "Cities" in Census data include incorporated places, towns, villages, and census-designated places (CDPs) — all places where the Census collects community-level estimates.
Data: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023 (released December 2024).
Quick Facts — Birmingham city
- What is the median household income in Birmingham city?
- The median household income in Birmingham city is $44,376 (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023).
- What is the poverty rate in Birmingham city?
- The poverty rate in Birmingham city is 19.4% (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What is the median home value in Birmingham city?
- $138,600 (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What is the average rent in Birmingham city?
- The median gross rent in Birmingham city is $1,047 per month (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What percentage of Birmingham city residents have a college degree?
- 30.7% of adults in Birmingham city hold a bachelor's degree or higher (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
Population
199,322
Median Income
$44,376
Median Home Value
$138,600
Poverty Rate
19.4%
Unemployment (ACS 2023)
6.1%
Median Age
35.0 yrs
Since 2019
Median Income:
+$7,001 (+18.7%)
Home Value:
+$47,500 (+52.1%)
Poverty Rate:
-0.7 pp (-3.5%)
Bachelor's+:
+3.3 pp (+12%)
Unemployment:
-2.9 pp (-32.2%)
Demographics
Total Population
199,322
Median Age
35.0
Female
52.8%
Race & Ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino 4.9%
White (non-Hisp.) 24.2%
Black 67.1%
Asian 1.4%
Two or More 3.4%
Other 2.3%
Asian Subgroups (% of total pop.)
Chinese
0.5%
Indian
0.4%
Vietnamese
0.2%
Hispanic Subgroups (% of total pop.)
Mexican
2.8%
Puerto Rican
0.4%
Cuban
0.2%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Income & Poverty
Median Household Income
$44,376
±$2,067
-$17,651 vs. state
Per Capita Income
$71,525
Median Family Income
$57,220
Poverty Rate
19.4%
+8.1 pp vs. state
Child Poverty Rate
34.0%
Working-Age Poverty Rate
—
SNAP Recipients
21.8%
Social Security Income
—
Retirement Income
19.2%
Household Income Distribution
< $10k
9.4%
$10–15k
7.8%
$15–25k
12.2%
$25–35k
11.1%
$35–50k
14.1%
$50–75k
16.9%
$75–100k
9.6%
$100–150k
9.5%
$150–200k
4.1%
$200k+
5.1%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Housing
Total Housing Units
108,903
Owner-Occupied
45.1%
Renter-Occupied
54.9%
Vacancy Rate
18.7%
Median Home Value
$138,600
-$56,500 vs. state
Median Gross Rent
$1,047
Owner Cost Burden (30%+)
26.2%
Renter Cost Burden (30%+)
47.2%
Home Value Distribution
< $50k
8.8%
$50–100k
27.8%
$100–200k
16.3%
$200–300k
17.7%
$300–500k
12.3%
$500k–$1M
4.5%
$1M+
1.9%
Gross Rent Distribution
< $500
10.5%
$500–1k
35.2%
$1–1.5k
37.6%
$1.5–2k
12.9%
$2–2.5k
2.8%
$2.5–3.5k
0.7%
$3.5k+
0.2%
Vehicle Availability
No vehicle
12.3%
1 vehicle
44.8%
2 vehicles
28.4%
3+
14.5%
Housing Type
Single-fam. det.
57.4%
Single-fam. att.
2.1%
2–4 units
1.9%
5–19 units
9.3%
20+ units
14.0%
Mobile home
0.8%
Housing Age
Pre-1940
17.3%
1940–1969
8.0%
1970–1999
14.2%
2000–2009
6.0%
2010+
6.8%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Education
High School or Higher
88.7%
Bachelor's or Higher
30.7%
+2.9 pp vs. state
Graduate Degree
12.3%
Some College / Associate
21.4%
Less Than High School
2.7%
Enrolled in School
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Employment
Labor Force Participation
58.5%
Unemployment Rate
6.1%
+1.3 pp vs. state
Work from Home
8.5%
Self-Employed
3.4%
Government Workers
15.9%
Private For-Profit
80.5%
Industry
Edu/Health
26.7%
Retail
12.4%
Prof. Services
10.6%
Arts/Entmt.
9.8%
Manufacturing
8.5%
Transportation
7.2%
Finance
6.4%
Construction
5.1%
Public Admin
4.7%
Wholesale
2.1%
Information
1.4%
Agriculture
0.4%
Occupation
Management
36.6%
Sales
20.6%
Food Prep
20.1%
Production
16.6%
Construction
6.1%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Commute
Median Travel Time
21.5 min
Drove Alone
74.4%
Carpool
9.7%
Public Transit
1.3%
Work from Home
8.5%
Walked
3.4%
Bicycle
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Households & Families
Total Households
88,527
Avg. Household Size
2.00
Avg. Family Size
—
Married-Couple Households
23.2%
Single-Mother Households
—
Single-Father Households
—
Living Alone
—
Households with Children
5.6%
Multigenerational
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Age Distribution
Under 5
4.9%
5–9
5.2%
10–14
5.7%
15–19
6.6%
20–24
8.5%
25–34
18.0%
35–44
11.8%
45–54
10.5%
55–64
5.7%
65–74
6.9%
75–84
10.4%
85+
4.1%
Under 18: 19.0%
Working age (18–64): 81.0%
65 and over: 16.2%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Social Characteristics
Immigration
Foreign Born
4.4%
Naturalized Citizen
22.6%
Speaks English Less Than Very Well
2.7%
Foreign-Born Origin
Latin America
56.3%
Asia
24.1%
Europe
8.6%
Africa
8.6%
Veterans & Disability
Veteran
5.7%
With a Disability
18.2%
Cognitive Difficulty
—
Ambulatory Difficulty
—
Health Insurance
Insured
87.5%
Uninsured
12.5%
Employer Insurance
—
Medicaid
—
Medicare
—
Technology & Mobility
Broadband Internet
84.2%
Has a Computer
92.1%
Same House 1 Year Ago
81.4%
Moved from Abroad
0.5%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023