Alabama
StatePopulation: 5,108,468 (2023 estimate)
Demographic, economic, and housing data for Alabama from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey. Figures cover the full state — drill into any county or city below for local breakdowns.
Explore Alabama Data
Alabama Rankings
Data: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023 (released December 2024). Unemployment rate from BLS LAUS (more current).
Quick Facts — Alabama
- What is the median household income in Alabama?
- The median household income in Alabama is $62,027 (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023).
- What is the poverty rate in Alabama?
- The poverty rate in Alabama is 11.3% (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What is the median home value in Alabama?
- $195,100 (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What is the average rent in Alabama?
- The median gross rent in Alabama is $963 per month (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What percentage of Alabama residents have a college degree?
- 27.8% of adults in Alabama hold a bachelor's degree or higher (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
Population
5,054,253
Median Income
$62,027
Median Home Value
$195,100
Poverty Rate
11.3%
Unemployment (Dec 2025)
2.7%
Median Age
39.0 yrs
Since 2019
Median Income:
+$11,491 (+22.7%)
Home Value:
+$52,400 (+36.7%)
Poverty Rate:
-1.0 pp (-8.1%)
Bachelor's+:
+2.3 pp (+9%)
Unemployment:
-1.1 pp (-18.6%)
Demographics
Total Population
5,054,253
Median Age
39.0
Female
51.5%
Race & Ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino 5.4%
White (non-Hisp.) 63.8%
Black 26.1%
Asian 1.4%
Two or More 4.5%
Other 2.1%
Asian Subgroups (% of total pop.)
Indian
0.3%
Chinese
0.3%
Korean
0.3%
Vietnamese
0.2%
Filipino
0.1%
Japanese
0.1%
Hispanic Subgroups (% of total pop.)
Mexican
3.1%
Puerto Rican
0.5%
Cuban
0.2%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Income & Poverty
Median Household Income
$62,027
±$400
Per Capita Income
$89,530
Median Family Income
$80,385
Poverty Rate
11.3%
Child Poverty Rate
18.2%
Working-Age Poverty Rate
—
SNAP Recipients
13.6%
Social Security Income
—
Retirement Income
25.9%
Household Income Distribution
< $10k
6.3%
$10–15k
5.0%
$15–25k
9.2%
$25–35k
8.7%
$35–50k
12.2%
$50–75k
16.8%
$75–100k
12.5%
$100–150k
15.2%
$150–200k
7.1%
$200k+
7.2%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Housing
Total Housing Units
2,316,192
Owner-Occupied
69.9%
Renter-Occupied
30.1%
Vacancy Rate
15.0%
Median Home Value
$195,100
Median Gross Rent
$963
Owner Cost Burden (30%+)
17.7%
Renter Cost Burden (30%+)
39.7%
Home Price Appreciation (FHFA HPI)
1-Year
+3.5%
5-Year
+50.9%
HPI (2025 Q4)
539.2
Source: FHFA House Price Index, base 1991 Q1 = 100.
Home Value Distribution
< $50k
10.2%
$50–100k
13.3%
$100–200k
13.8%
$200–300k
22.0%
$300–500k
17.8%
$500k–$1M
7.3%
$1M+
1.5%
Gross Rent Distribution
< $500
11.0%
$500–1k
42.5%
$1–1.5k
33.3%
$1.5–2k
9.4%
$2–2.5k
2.6%
$2.5–3.5k
0.5%
$3.5k+
0.7%
Vehicle Availability
No vehicle
5.4%
1 vehicle
31.5%
2 vehicles
36.7%
3+
26.4%
Housing Type
Single-fam. det.
68.9%
Single-fam. att.
1.8%
2–4 units
1.8%
5–19 units
4.2%
20+ units
4.3%
Mobile home
12.5%
Housing Age
Pre-1940
4.9%
1940–1969
3.5%
1970–1999
15.5%
2000–2009
15.5%
2010+
10.4%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Education
High School or Higher
88.1%
Bachelor's or Higher
27.8%
Graduate Degree
10.8%
Some College / Associate
21.1%
Less Than High School
3.7%
Enrolled in School
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Employment
Labor Force Participation
58.1%
Unemployment Rate
4.8%
Work from Home
7.8%
Self-Employed
5.4%
Government Workers
16.4%
Private For-Profit
77.9%
Industry
Edu/Health
22.6%
Manufacturing
14.2%
Retail
11.6%
Prof. Services
10.0%
Arts/Entmt.
8.1%
Construction
7.0%
Transportation
5.8%
Finance
5.6%
Public Admin
5.5%
Wholesale
2.2%
Agriculture
1.3%
Information
1.2%
Occupation
Management
37.4%
Sales
20.3%
Production
17.0%
Food Prep
15.8%
Construction
9.6%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Commute
Median Travel Time
25.4 min
Drove Alone
81.5%
Carpool
8.2%
Public Transit
0.3%
Work from Home
7.8%
Walked
1.1%
Bicycle
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Households & Families
Total Households
1,969,105
Avg. Household Size
2.00
Avg. Family Size
—
Married-Couple Households
46.5%
Single-Mother Households
—
Single-Father Households
—
Living Alone
—
Households with Children
16.3%
Multigenerational
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Age Distribution
Under 5
5.8%
5–9
6.0%
10–14
6.5%
15–19
6.8%
20–24
6.6%
25–34
12.9%
35–44
12.4%
45–54
12.3%
55–64
6.5%
65–74
6.7%
75–84
10.5%
85+
5.3%
Under 18: 22.3%
Working age (18–64): 77.7%
65 and over: 17.5%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Social Characteristics
Immigration
Foreign Born
3.8%
Naturalized Citizen
40.9%
Speaks English Less Than Very Well
2.4%
Foreign-Born Origin
Latin America
52.1%
Asia
29.0%
Europe
11.1%
Africa
4.6%
Veterans & Disability
Veteran
7.9%
With a Disability
16.2%
Cognitive Difficulty
—
Ambulatory Difficulty
—
Health Insurance
Insured
90.6%
Uninsured
9.4%
Employer Insurance
—
Medicaid
—
Medicare
—
Technology & Mobility
Broadband Internet
85.6%
Has a Computer
92.5%
Same House 1 Year Ago
87.8%
Moved from Abroad
0.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023