Minnesota
StatePopulation: 5,737,915 (2023 estimate)
Demographic, economic, and housing data for Minnesota from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey. Figures cover the full state — drill into any county or city below for local breakdowns.
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Minnesota Rankings
Data: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023 (released December 2024). Unemployment rate from BLS LAUS (more current).
Quick Facts — Minnesota
- What is the median household income in Minnesota?
- The median household income in Minnesota is $87,556 (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023).
- What is the poverty rate in Minnesota?
- The poverty rate in Minnesota is 5.5% (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What is the median home value in Minnesota?
- $305,500 (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What is the average rent in Minnesota?
- The median gross rent in Minnesota is $1,235 per month (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
- What percentage of Minnesota residents have a college degree?
- 38.8% of adults in Minnesota hold a bachelor's degree or higher (U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2023).
Population
5,713,716
Median Income
$87,556
Median Home Value
$305,500
Poverty Rate
5.5%
Unemployment (Dec 2025)
4.2%
Median Age
38.0 yrs
Since 2019
Median Income:
+$16,250 (+22.8%)
Home Value:
+$81,600 (+36.4%)
Poverty Rate:
-0.4 pp (-6.8%)
Bachelor's+:
+2.7 pp (+7.5%)
Unemployment:
+0.3 pp (+8.3%)
Demographics
Total Population
5,713,716
Median Age
38.0
Female
49.9%
Race & Ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino 6.2%
White (non-Hisp.) 76.7%
Black 6.8%
Asian 5.1%
Two or More 6.2%
Other 2.7%
Asian Subgroups (% of total pop.)
Indian
0.8%
Chinese
0.5%
Vietnamese
0.5%
Korean
0.3%
Filipino
0.2%
Japanese
0.1%
Hispanic Subgroups (% of total pop.)
Mexican
3.9%
Puerto Rican
0.3%
Cuban
0.1%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Income & Poverty
Median Household Income
$87,556
±$396
Per Capita Income
$117,991
Median Family Income
$111,492
Poverty Rate
5.5%
Child Poverty Rate
8.7%
Working-Age Poverty Rate
—
SNAP Recipients
7.6%
Social Security Income
—
Retirement Income
24.2%
Household Income Distribution
< $10k
3.5%
$10–15k
2.8%
$15–25k
5.4%
$25–35k
5.8%
$35–50k
9.6%
$50–75k
15.7%
$75–100k
13.5%
$100–150k
19.7%
$150–200k
10.9%
$200k+
13.1%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Housing
Total Housing Units
2,519,538
Owner-Occupied
72.4%
Renter-Occupied
27.6%
Vacancy Rate
9.4%
Median Home Value
$305,500
Median Gross Rent
$1,235
Owner Cost Burden (30%+)
16.3%
Renter Cost Burden (30%+)
37.6%
Home Price Appreciation (FHFA HPI)
1-Year
+3.3%
5-Year
+37.3%
HPI (2025 Q4)
599.8
Source: FHFA House Price Index, base 1991 Q1 = 100.
Home Value Distribution
< $50k
4.0%
$50–100k
4.0%
$100–200k
6.2%
$200–300k
25.7%
$300–500k
33.6%
$500k–$1M
15.2%
$1M+
2.3%
Gross Rent Distribution
< $500
8.7%
$500–1k
23.2%
$1–1.5k
34.3%
$1.5–2k
20.4%
$2–2.5k
8.3%
$2.5–3.5k
2.5%
$3.5k+
2.6%
Vehicle Availability
No vehicle
6.5%
1 vehicle
30.4%
2 vehicles
39.8%
3+
23.3%
Housing Type
Single-fam. det.
66.3%
Single-fam. att.
7.5%
2–4 units
2.1%
5–19 units
2.2%
20+ units
13.6%
Mobile home
3.0%
Housing Age
Pre-1940
15.6%
1940–1969
4.2%
1970–1999
14.3%
2000–2009
13.3%
2010+
8.0%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Education
High School or Higher
93.9%
Bachelor's or Higher
38.8%
Graduate Degree
13.6%
Some College / Associate
19.8%
Less Than High School
2.7%
Enrolled in School
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Employment
Labor Force Participation
68.5%
Unemployment Rate
3.9%
Work from Home
15.8%
Self-Employed
5.4%
Government Workers
12.9%
Private For-Profit
81.6%
Industry
Edu/Health
25.6%
Manufacturing
13.5%
Retail
10.6%
Prof. Services
10.5%
Arts/Entmt.
7.3%
Finance
7.2%
Construction
6.3%
Transportation
4.9%
Public Admin
3.7%
Wholesale
2.6%
Agriculture
2.1%
Information
1.4%
Occupation
Management
44.9%
Sales
18.7%
Food Prep
15.0%
Production
13.6%
Construction
7.8%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Commute
Median Travel Time
23.1 min
Drove Alone
70.3%
Carpool
7.6%
Public Transit
2.1%
Work from Home
15.8%
Walked
2.5%
Bicycle
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Households & Families
Total Households
2,282,967
Avg. Household Size
2.00
Avg. Family Size
—
Married-Couple Households
49.3%
Single-Mother Households
—
Single-Father Households
—
Living Alone
—
Households with Children
19.5%
Multigenerational
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Age Distribution
Under 5
5.9%
5–9
6.4%
10–14
6.7%
15–19
6.6%
20–24
6.2%
25–34
13.1%
35–44
13.4%
45–54
11.7%
55–64
6.5%
65–74
6.7%
75–84
10.0%
85+
4.7%
Under 18: 23.1%
Working age (18–64): 76.9%
65 and over: 16.8%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Social Characteristics
Immigration
Foreign Born
8.6%
Naturalized Citizen
58.2%
Speaks English Less Than Very Well
4.6%
Foreign-Born Origin
Asia
35.7%
Africa
28.3%
Latin America
24.2%
Europe
8.8%
Veterans & Disability
Veteran
6.1%
With a Disability
11.4%
Cognitive Difficulty
—
Ambulatory Difficulty
—
Health Insurance
Insured
95.4%
Uninsured
4.6%
Employer Insurance
—
Medicaid
—
Medicare
—
Technology & Mobility
Broadband Internet
90.7%
Has a Computer
95.3%
Same House 1 Year Ago
87.4%
Moved from Abroad
0.4%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates, 2023
Largest Counties in Minnesota
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